2018年政府工作报告（11）-西安金科翻译

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2018年政府工作报告（11）

（九）提高保障和改善民生水平。要在发展基础上多办利民实事、多解民生难事，兜牢民生底线，不断提升人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。
9. Doing more to ensure and improve people’s wellbeing
We will, in line with economic growth, do more to directly benefit the people, address the difficulties that affect their lives, and ensure that their basic living needs are met. Our aim is to help people feel more satisfied, happier, and more secure.
着力促进就业创业。加强全方位公共就业服务，大规模开展职业技能培训，运用“互联网+”发展新就业形态。今年高校毕业生820多万人，再创历史新高，要促进多渠道就业，支持以创业带动就业。扎实做好退役军人安置。加大对残疾人等就业困难人员援助力度。扩大农民工就业，全面治理拖欠工资问题。要健全劳动关系协商机制，消除性别和身份歧视，使更加公平、更加充分的就业成为我国发展的突出亮点。
We will focus on boosting employment and business startups. We will strengthen the full set of public employment services, launch a large-scale vocational skills training initiative, and use the Internet Plus model to create new kinds of jobs. With over 8.2 million college students graduating this year, reaching an all-time high again, we need to expand the channels for employment and support job creation through business startups. We will take substantive steps to see demobilized military personnel resettled into new jobs. We will give stronger support to people with disabilities and other groups having difficulty securing employment. We will create more jobs for rural migrant workers, and take comprehensive measures to address the problem of wage arrears. We will improve labor relations consultation mechanisms, put an end to gender and identity discrimination, and work to make fairer and fuller employment an outstanding highlight of our country’s development.
稳步提高居民收入水平。继续提高退休人员基本养老金和城乡居民基础养老金。合理调整社会最低工资标准。完善机关事业单位工资和津补贴制度，向艰苦地区、特殊岗位倾斜。提高个人所得税起征点，增加子女教育、大病医疗等专项费用扣除，合理减负，鼓励人民群众通过劳动增加收入、迈向富裕。
We will steadily increase people’s incomes. We will continue raising basic pension payments for retirees and basic pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents. Minimum wages will be appropriately adjusted. We will improve the wage and subsidy system for the employees of government offices and public institutions, and weight the system toward regions where conditions are harsh and toward special posts. We will raise the personal income tax threshold and create expense deductions for items like children’s education and treatment for serious diseases, appropriately lightening burdens, and encouraging our people to increase their incomes and achieve prosperity through hard work.
发展公平而有质量的教育。推动城乡义务教育一体化发展，教育投入继续向困难地区和薄弱环节倾斜。切实降低农村学生辍学率，抓紧消除城镇“大班额”，着力解决中小学生课外负担重问题。儿童是民族的未来、家庭的希望。要多渠道增加学前教育资源供给，运用互联网等信息化手段，加强对儿童托育全过程监管，一定要让家长放心安心。支持社会力量举办职业教育。推进普及高中阶段教育。以经济社会发展需要为导向，优化高等教育结构，加快“双一流”建设，支持中西部建设有特色、高水平大学。继续实施农村和贫困地区专项招生计划。发展民族教育、特殊教育、继续教育和网络教育。加强师资队伍和师德师风建设。要办好人民满意的教育，让每个人都有平等机会通过教育改变自身命运、成就人生梦想。
We will develop fair, high-quality education. We will promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, and continue to weight funding for education toward poor areas and weak links. We will significantly reduce the rural drop-out rate, move faster to put an end to big class sizes in urban schools, and give attention to addressing the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens on primary and secondary school students. Children are the hope of their families and the future of our nation. We will increase the supply of preschool educational resources through multiple channels and use the internet and other IT-based approaches to strengthen oversight over the whole process of childcare provision, making certain that parents can have peace of mind. We will support the provision of vocational education by private actors. We will work to make senior secondary education universally available. With the needs of economic and social development as our compass, we will improve the structure of higher education, act faster to develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines, and support the central and western regions in building universities with character and of high quality. We will continue the higher education admissions scheme with preferential provisions for students from rural and poor areas. We will develop ethnic minority education, special needs education, continuing education, and online education. We will improve the competence of our educators and strengthen teacher ethics. We need to work hard to provide education that our people are satisfied with, and ensure that every individual has an equal opportunity to change their life and realize their dreams through education.
实施健康中国战略。提高基本医保和大病保险保障水平，居民基本医保人均财政补助标准再增加40元，一半用于大病保险。扩大跨省异地就医直接结算范围，把基层医院和外出农民工、外来就业创业人员等全部纳入。加强全科医生队伍建设，推进分级诊疗。继续提高基本公共卫生服务经费人均财政补助标准。改善妇幼保健服务。支持中医药事业传承发展。创新食品药品监管方式，注重用互联网、大数据等提升监管效能，加快实现全程留痕、信息可追溯，让问题产品无处藏身、不法制售者难逃法网，让消费者买得放心、吃得安全。做好北京冬奥会、冬残奥会筹办工作，多渠道增加全民健身场所和设施。人民群众身心健康、向善向上，国家必将生机勃勃、走向繁荣富强。
We will implement the Healthy China strategy. We will raise the basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance benefits. Per capita government subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased by 40 yuan, half of which will be used for the serious disease insurance scheme. We will expand the coverage of interprovincial on-the-spot settlement of medical bills through basic insurance accounts and make this applicable to community-level hospitals, and to rural migrant workers and other workers and business owners without local household registration. We will strengthen efforts to build up the ranks of general practitioners, and make progress in developing tiered diagnosis and treatment. We will continue to increase per capita government subsidies for basic public health services. Maternal and child healthcare will be improved. We will preserve traditional Chinese medicine and support its development. We will develop new ways of conducting food and drug oversight, and use the internet and big data to increase the effectiveness of this oversight. We will move faster to see that the entire process can be tracked and all information is traceable. We will see that there is nowhere to hide for substandard products, that there is no escaping justice for those involved in their production and sale, and that consumers can consume confidently and eat safely. We will make thorough preparations for the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics. Multiple channels will be used to increase sports venues and facilities available for the general public. If our people are fit and healthy, are strengthening social morality, and are striving to succeed, our country is certain to thrive and progress toward prosperity.
更好解决群众住房问题。启动新的三年棚改攻坚计划，今年开工580万套。加大公租房保障力度，对低收入住房困难家庭要应保尽保，将符合条件的新就业无房职工、外来务工人员纳入保障范围。坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，落实地方主体责任，继续实行差别化调控，建立健全长效机制，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。支持居民自住购房需求，培育住房租赁市场，发展共有产权住房。加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制度，让广大人民群众早日实现安居宜居。
We will better address people’s housing needs. We will launch a new three-year renovation plan to address housing in rundown urban areas, starting with construction this year on 5.8 million units. We will step up efforts to supply public-rental housing so that all eligible low-income families struggling with housing, including eligible houseless first-time workers and migrant workers, are able to access public-rental housing under this scheme. We must be clear that houses are for living in, not for speculation. We expect local governments to fulfill their primary responsibility in this respect, and will continue exercising differentiated regulation and put in place robust permanent mechanisms to promote the steady and healthy development of real estate markets. We will support people in buying homes for personal use, and develop the housing rental market and shared ownership housing. We need to speed up the establishment of a housing system with multiple types of suppliers, multiple channels for housing support, and encouragement for both renting and purchase, so that more people will soon have a place to call home.
强化民生兜底保障。稳步提高城乡低保、社会救助、抚恤优待等标准。积极应对人口老龄化，发展居家、社区和互助式养老，推进医养结合，提高养老院服务质量。做好军烈属优抚工作。加强残疾人康复服务。健全社会救助体系，支持公益慈善事业发展。倾情倾力做好托底工作，不因事难而推诿，不因善小而不为，要让每一个身处困境者都能得到社会的关爱和温暖。
We will strengthen efforts to meet people’s basic living needs. We will steadily raise urban and rural subsistence allowances, social assistance benefits, and benefits for entitled groups. We will take proactive measures to tackle population aging, including developing at-home, community-based, and mutual-aid elderly care, promoting integrated medical and elderly care services, and improving the quality of services at senior care facilities. The families of military personnel and martyrs will be well taken care of. Rehabilitation services for people with disabilities will be improved. We will improve social assistance systems, and support the development of public welfare activities and charity. We will bring empathy and energy to our work to meet basic needs; there will be no reluctance to act because something is not easy, and no failure to act because the benefit seems small; we must ensure that care and compassion reach everyone in need.
打造共建共治共享社会治理格局。完善基层群众自治制度，加强社区治理。发挥好工会、共青团、妇联等群团组织作用。促进社会组织、专业社会工作、志愿服务健康发展。加强社会信用体系建设。完善公共法律服务体系，落实普法责任制。营造尊重妇女、关爱儿童、尊敬老人、爱护残疾人的良好风尚。创新信访工作方式，依法及时解决群众合理诉求。严格落实安全生产责任，坚决遏制重特大事故。做好地震、气象、地质等工作，提高防灾减灾救灾能力。推进平安中国建设，严密防范和坚决打击暴力恐怖活动，依法开展扫黑除恶专项斗争，惩治盗抢骗黄赌毒等违法犯罪活动，整治电信网络诈骗、侵犯公民个人信息、网络传销等突出问题，维护国家安全和公共安全。
We will develop a new model of social governance based on collaboration, co-governance, and common gains. We will improve the system of primary level self-governance and strengthen community governance. We will see that trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations and other people’s organizations are all playing their due roles. We will promote the healthy development of social organizations, specialized social work, and volunteer services. We will strengthen work on building the social credit system. We will improve the public legal service system, and enforce a system of responsibility for popularizing legal knowledge. We will foster a positive culture in which women are respected, children are cared for, the elderly are treated with respect, and people with disabilities are treated considerately. We will develop new approaches to handling public complaints, and see that the justified demands of our people are addressed promptly in accordance with law. We will strictly enforce the workplace safety responsibility and resolutely prevent the occurrence of serious and major accidents. We will carry out solid work in seismology, meteorology, and geology, and improve disaster prevention, mitigation, and rescue capacity. We will continue the Peaceful China initiative, take strict preventive measures against violent and terrorist activities and see them firmly stamped out, and launch a campaign to crack down on organized crime and local mafia in accordance with law. We will punish theft, robbery, fraud, pornography, gambling, drug-related crime, and other illegal and criminal behavior, and address salient problems such as telecommunications and internet fraud, the abuse of personal information, and pyramid schemes. With these steps we will safeguard national and public security.
为人民过上美好生活提供丰富精神食粮。要弘扬中华优秀传统文化，继承革命文化，发展社会主义先进文化，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。加强思想道德建设和群众性精神文明创建。加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，繁荣文艺创作，发展新闻出版、广播影视、档案等事业。加强文物保护利用和文化遗产保护传承。建好新型智库。加强互联网内容建设。深入实施文化惠民工程，培育新型文化业态。深化中外人文交流。我们要以中国特色社会主义文化的繁荣兴盛，凝聚起实现民族复兴的磅礴精神力量。
We must provide rich cultural nourishment to help our people to live better lives. We will strive to keep fine traditional Chinese culture alive and thriving, see our revolutionary culture is inherited and carried on, develop advanced socialist culture, and foster and practice core socialist values. We will strengthen efforts toward building intellectual and moral standards and hold more popular activities to promote cultural and ethical advancement. We will speed up the development of philosophy and social sciences with distinctive Chinese characteristics, see that art and literature flourish, and develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, and archiving. We will ensure China’s cultural relics are more effectively protected and put to better use, and cultural heritage is better preserved and passed on. We will see that China’s new-type think-tanks are well run. The provision of content on the internet will be improved. We will launch more cultural projects to benefit the people, and work to foster new forms of cultural businesses. China’s cultural and people-to-people exchanges with other countries will be enhanced. We will see that a rich and thriving socialist culture with distinctive Chinese features acts as a powerful source of inspiration for the whole Chinese nation to achieve rejuvenation.